Assumptions

In Great Expectations, Dickens criticizes social classes and the assumptions that go along with them. Pip, growing up under the care of the Gargery family, is a part of the poor working class. When he is exposed to Miss Havisham’s lifestyle, being a part of the wealthy, upper class, Pip longs to become a part of that as well. However, Dickens opposes the stereotypical view of the social classes, describing Miss Havisham as a lonely, selfish woman with a “cold heart” (338). Joe, however, is a “good-natured, sweet-tempered… dear fellow”, even though he is just a poor peasant (7). Dickens also uses this contrary belief with Magwitch and Pumblechook. Pip does not like Pumblechook for his proud, haughty characteristics. Magwitch, although at first Pip is terrified of him, later grows in Pip’s eyes and he becomes very fond of the ex-convict. Dickens portrays the difference between Pumblechook and Magwitch through their greed. Pumblechook, although already well set off in life, attempts to gain even more recognition through taking claim to Pip’s fortunes, telling everyone he is the benefactor. Magwitch, however, with nothing to his name, works hard to gain money to give to Pip, purposefully being anonymous. The difference between the selfish ambitions of Magwitch and Pumblechook demonstrates a major theme in the novel. Dickens uses these charcaters to depict a person’s worth does not derive from their money or social standings. Pip could not stand to be around Pumblechook, whereas he willingly took his “place at magwitch’s side” because he felt it “was his place” (495). Also, Pip admires and loves the “tenderness of Joe” and his giving spirit, whereas Miss Havisham only thinks of herself and justifying her longings in life (518). Because of their characteristics, the wealthy in Great Expectations are less valued than the poor, yet more admirable characters. Thoughts?